‘Well here we are, just the four of us that
started out together,’ said Merry. ‘We have left all the rest behind, one after
another. It seems almost like a dream that has slowly faded.’
‘Not to me,’ said Frodo.
‘To me it feels more like falling asleep again.’ (LOTR 997).
I was particularly struck by Merry and Frodo's
conversation upon returning to the Shire because it speaks to how Frodo
experienced his journey so differently than Merry. The passage above can be
interpreted in several different ways and in this post I will attempt to find
the interpretation that makes the most sense to me using Tolkien’s “Notion Club
Papers” and The Lost Road.
When Merry says "it
seems almost like a dream that has slowly faded", it implies that he has
returned to the waking life, and that he is as someone who is awake and trying
to grasp at the fading memory of the dream. We see this difficulty in retaining
dreams after one is awake primarily through Ramer's experiments in "The
Notion Club Papers", and also through Albion's experiences in The
Lost Road when he is trying to recall fragments and a few words escape
before he can write them down. I don't think it is the case that Merry is still
in a dream that is fading off while he is asleep. He is returning to the Shire,
after having travelled in Space (and Time, naturally) and so I am inclined to
believe that he views his journey as a dream much like Ramer’s experiments with
Space and Time travel, and that he is now returning to his waking life.
This interpretation of
Merry’s experience is now very interesting contrasted with Frodo's very cryptic
statement of "it feels more like falling asleep again". There are differing
ways to read Frodo's statement. Falling asleep again could mean he was asleep
(dreaming), woke up, and fell back asleep (as an end to waking life). Frodo
could view his time in the Shire before the journey as having been a dream,
experienced the journey as his waking life, and now returning to the Shire is
like falling asleep and dreaming again.
Or he could be viewing
the journey as a dream, woken up briefly (perhaps when the Ring was
destroyed?), and then fallen asleep again and is perhaps now entering another
dream.
Both interpretations of
Frodo's statement rest heavily on the fact that his experience was ultimately
shaped by his possession of the Ring, while Merry’s experience was not. The hold of the Ring over Frodo seems to trump
all else, all other influences in his mind, when compared to the other hobbits.
He is the only one who can resist the spell of the Barrow-wight, and he is also
the only one that we know of who can dream the way Tolkien describes in “The
Notion Club Papers. He can see things in his dreams that he previously had no
knowledge of, and that end up being true (recall the dream of the Grey Havens,
the Sea, and Gandalf escaping Isengard). So is the hold of the Ring over a
Frodo like that of a dream? Is it what ultimately propelled him into a
"waking life" by taking over completely and becoming his waking
reality?
Tolkien seems very
interested with the notion of dreams and how they can spill over into one’s
waking life (NCP 195). He also implies you don't have to be asleep to be
dreaming "Of course there isn't any distance between dreams and waking, or
one kind of dream and another; only an increase or decrease of abstraction and
concentration... You can lie "deep" and sodden in body-made dreams,
and receive clear visions in "light" sleep (which might seem on the
very margin of waking (186)”, where marginal means when the mind is wandering
and not focused on anything in particular.
With "The Notion
Club Papers" and "The Lost Road" as a guide, I venture to
interpret Frodo's journey as his waking life, but with a dream that has spilled
over into it. The dream is almost like an undercurrent, I would say, running in
the subconscious of waking life. The hold of the Ring is the dream, which
"soaks through all levels, and illumines all the scenes through which the
mind passes out back into waking, and so it flows out into this life (NCP 195).
Because Frodo's life comes to be defined by his journey of the Ring, it becomes
his waking life and everything else becomes less real to him afterwards. The removal
of the Ring from the world does not remove several of the lasting effects on
Frodo, many of which are physical such as long life. Physical changes are not
possible while dreaming so it must be taking place in Frodo's waking
life.
The Ring and its hold on Frodo facilitate the exploration of the
layers of waking and dreaming. Frodo, Merry and Pippin all dream in Tom
Bombadil’s house but only Frodo sees a dream that later comes true (the Grey
Havens) and one that already occurred in the waking world but he did not know
about (Gandalf). The hold of the Ring cannot be discounted despite the fact Tom
is not affected by the Ring. Merry is unable to see Frodo when he puts on the
Ring because he still disappears. Here in Tom Bombadil’s house it would seem we
have multiple layers of dreaming. Something about his house causes Frodo, Merry
and Pippin to have dreams, but the hold of the Ring over Frodo is still first
and foremost so this spills into his dreams, which would explain why his dreams
differ in nature from the other hobbits. Frodo’s dreams are much more like
those of Albion and Audoin where according to Alboin, he is left with “the
feeling that he had seen things and heard things that he wanted to see, very
much, and would give much to see and hear again (LR p49).” This brings to mind
the dreams of the Sea and the Grey Havens. Yet I believe Frodo’s dreams are
actually more like Audoins’ because Audoin dreams in pictures, although Frodo’s
dreams have sounds in them such as singing and the sound of the waves.
Finally, I believe what Frodo means by “falling asleep again” can
best be interpreted by considering what happens when Alboin falls asleep: he and
Audoin go back in Time. When Frodo sees the Shire again, which seems to have
remained relatively unchanged, he must have felt as if he was going back in
Time, back to over a year ago, to the beginning of the expedition. Frodo knows
what it is to go back in Time in his dreams, albeit not far, unlike the other
hobbits who do not possess the Ring, because he sees Gandalf escaping which had
already happened by the time he reached Tom Bombadil’s house. Ultimately,
Frodo’s experience differs than Merry because Merry views the journey as like a
dream, traveling in Space and Time. Frodo, however, doesn’t feel like he is dreaming
until he returns to the Shire, whereupon he feels as if he has falling asleep
and is now dreaming, therefore going back in Time and Space.
-A.C.
3 comments:
Thanks, A.C., for a very good explication of the topic. My own opinion is that Frodo was awakened to a greater reality upon leaving the Shire and now feels that he has returned to a sleepy little…well…dream world, unreal in its peace, quiet, and order.
I think an interesting take on this might be relating wakefulness and “fading,” as afflicts the Ringbearers. Everyday life has faded for Frodo in an inverse effect of his slowly fading from the waking world while possessing the Ring.
And, of course, it is a not-uncommon experience of war veterans to return “home” to a world that seems less vivid, less alive, and less compelling, than the dramatic, adrenalized, mortally consequential universe they’ve left behind. The Best Years of Our Lives (1946) is probably the cinema’s finest exploration of how different men react to returning home after war, and The Lord of the Rings clearly participates in the tradition. Merry and Pippin are changed, in character and body, and become literally greater men than they would have been. Frodo is broken beyond fixing. And Sam, happily, is able to return to gain the profound consolations of home and hearth (and garden!) and love.
Bill the Heliotrope
Hi A.C.,
This was a really well done analysis of the impact of returning to the Shire on Merry and Frodo and how that reveals a deeper understanding of both characters. I particularly liked your discussion about the passage of Time and Space being different for Merry and Frodo, considering that one is a Ring-bearer and the other isn’t. You seem be to saying that Time stopped for Frodo upon returning to the Shire and his dream-world, like for Ramer. This is an interesting concept when thinking about Frodo’s journey to the Grey Havens after his stay in the Shire. When one thinks about the Grey Havens in the context of Time and dreams, it is literally a place where a dream never fades and where time comes to a standstill. Essentially, it is a like a long sleep, if we’re going with descriptions you had for wakefulness and dreaming in the life of Frodo. It is then interesting to consider whey Tolkien finishes Frodo’s story in this manner. One would almost expect, like many veterans (as Bill mentioned), that Fordo has a morbid yearning for the wakefulness of his life after becoming a Ring-bearer and not for the eternal dream that seemingly is characterized by the Grey Havens. While this is not directly related to what you discussed in your blog post, it is something that I thought was an interesting aspect of the plot that fit into your analysis. It would be fascinating to think about it in terms of how Tolkien characterizes Frodo and the intent behind creating this final journey for him.
Thanks for a great read!
~ AK
The different interpretations you provide for this moment are extremely fascinating and very thorough. The ways in which you describe how the Ring shapes what is a dream for Frodo and how sleeping is like traveling back in time are very convincing. I find it interesting how the connotations of sleeping and dreaming can actually be both positive and negative, adding even more depth to your analyses. On one hand, being awake is a preferable experience to sleeping. The waking world is real and everything in it is clear. To be awake is to truly live. On the other hand, dreams are better than real life. Dreams are an idealistic world without problems or concerns. Which is Frodo implying when he speaks of being asleep? Is it the same connotation that Merry is making?
-KM
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